Stove



P. P. STEWART.

Cooking Stove.

Nd. 23,622. Patented April 12, 1859" llNlZllElD te T iES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILO P. STEYVART, OF TROY, NEW YORK.

STOVE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 23,622, dated April 12, 1859; Reissued. May 17, 1864, No. 1,673.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Pinto P. S'rnwanr, of Troy, in the State of New York, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference be ing had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section; 3, a cross vertical section taken at the line A, a, of Fig. 2; and Fig. i, a horizontal section taken at the line B, b, of Fig. 2.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

My said invention relates to improvements on what is known as the return flue stove in which the fire chamber is placed in front oi the. oven, and the products of combustion pass in a sheet between the top boiler plate of the stove and the top of the oven, and dividing pass down two side fines at the back, thence in a single sheet under the oven, around the front end of a flue plate, back between this plate and the bottom-plate of the oven, and up to the exit pipe through a rising line at the back of the oven, and between the two descending fines, there being a passage directly from the top fiue over the upper end oi? the back rising flue, and controlled by damper, for the purpose of discharging the products of combustion directly to the chimney when it may be desired not to heat the oven, as in kindling the fire.

Stoves of this class although presenting many advantages, have been defective on accountof the diiliculty of inn iarting a uniform heat to the four sides of the oven. As the fire chamber is directly in front of the oven, and the products oi? combustion pass directly from the fire chamber in a single sheet over the top of the oven, and thence to the back and bottom, it follows that the back and bottom receive less heat than the front and top. This inequality has been in part remedied. by an air space between the fire back and the front oven plate, and by lining the top oven plate and by other devices; but all these have so far proved to be only partial remedies, and while they have tended to equalize the temperature, have been wasteful of fuel.

I have found by repeated experiments that whatever heat is imparted to the back rising flue, which is immediately connected with the exit pipe leading to the chimney, is mostly wasted by being carried directly out into the chimney, and this is partly true also of the return flue at bottom; and the leading object of my said improvements is to prevent the heat while passing through the direct fiues from striking through to the return fines, and thereby preserving it for the purposes of heating the oven.

In the accompanying drawings (a) rep resents the fire chamber in front, and (b) the oven, the rear part of which is back of the fire chamber, and the front part extending under the fire chamber, so that the front partof the oven receives heat from the back and from the bottom of the fire chamher. At the back of the oven there are three vertical flues side by side, the two side ones (a, 0) being diving Flues, and the one in the middle (cZ) being a rising flue leading to the exit pipe. The products of combustion pass directly from the fire chamber in a single sheet over the top of the oven, and, dividing, descend through the two flues (c, c) at the back, and at the bottomunite in a single sheet in the flue space (a) which extends the whole length of the bottom of the oven. The space between the bottom plate (f) of the oven, and the bottom plate (y) of the stove, is separated into a direct flue (c) and a return flue (it) by an inclined plate (5) the front end of which is higher than the rear end that the capacity of the flue space (6) may be gradually reduced toward the front end of the oven the better to concentrate the action of the products of combustion against the bottom of the oven as they are reduced in temperature by traveling from the fire chamber. The upper sur face of this plate is cast with inclined flanches to form dove tail recesses to hold any suitable kind of earthy cement which is to be plastered over, to act as a noncond uctor, and prevent the heat from striking through the plate to the return fine (It) below and thereby preserve it for directly heating the bottom of the oven. The front end of the inclined plate does not extend entirely to the front plate (j) of the stove, suflicient space being left there for the passage of the products of combustion down into the return flue the rear end of which communicates with the rising flue (d) leading to the exit pipe.

The partitions (/6, is) which separate the two descending flues (0, 0) from the rlsing flue between them, are made double with the space between filled in with cement or other nonconducting substance to prevent the heat in the flues (a, c) from striking through to the rising flue. And the back oven plate opposite the rising flue (d) 18 also made double as at and the space between filled in with cement or other nonconducting material so that the heat applied to this plate by the heated products of combustion in the descending flues (c, c) and which is spread through the entire back plate of the oven by conduction, shall not strike through to the rising flue and be thereby wasted.

The top flue above the oven at the back end communicates directly with the upper end of the rising flue (d) by an aperture controlled by a damper (m) which when closed directs the draft around the oven in the manner above described. And to pre: vent the heat from striking through this damper to the rising flue, when the aperture is closed and thereby wasting heat, this damper is made double and filled in with cement or other nonconductor. In this way and by the means above described I am enabled not only to equalize the heat around the oven, but to accomplish this result with less fuel than by any other plan known tome.

The stove is extended back of the back flues as at (n) to form a chamber (0) in which articles can be kept warm, and to form above this a chamber into which the bottom of a boiler extends. The

rising flue (cl) discharges the gaseous products of combustion into this chamber, from whence they escape through to flues in the boiler to the exit pipe above the boiler, but this makes no part of the invention claimed in this application.

If desired the bottom of the stove which forms the bottom flues may be encased as at (r) to prevent the escape of heat into the room.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method substantially as described, of preventing the heat from striking through to the rising flue leading to the chimney by separating it from the back oven plate, and from the two descending flues by nonconducting partitions or the equivalents there of as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. I also claim in combination with the flue above the oven and with the rising flue leading to the chimney, the employment of adouble damper filled in with cement or other equivalent non-conducting material, substantially as described to prevent theheat from striking through from the top flue to the rising flue, as set forth.

3. And I also claim separating the direct 'flue under the oven from the return flue below by means of a plate lined with cement, or rendered nonconducting by equivalent means, substantially as described, to prevent the heat from striking through to the return flue, and thereby impart greater heat to the bottom of the oven, as set forth.

1 P. STEWART.

lVitnesses JOHN HOBART WVARREN, J. H. KELLoeG. 

